多股不旋轉鋼絲繩廣泛應用于豎井提升、立井罐道、立井平衡、起重機械、港口裝卸等領域。雖然國內有很多金屬制品企業都有能力生產,但是產品質量差距很大。表面看多股不旋轉鋼絲繩生產很簡單,但實際上多股不旋轉鋼絲繩生產的技術要求很高,要想達到使用的要求,就需要不斷摸索的工藝路線以及設備的配置,并有序合理地組織生產。
1、應根據(ju)內(nei)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)繩直(zhi)徑(jing)(jing)的(de)(de)實際要(yao)求進行配絲(si),保證(zheng)內(nei)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)繩捻(nian)制均勻的(de)(de)同時,外層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)股(gu)(gu)均勻捻(nian)制,保證(zheng)外層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)各股(gu)(gu)間留有足夠的(de)(de)縫隙,防止鋼絲(si)繩使用(yong)過程在經過天(tian)輪時內(nei)側股(gu)(gu)間相(xiang)互擠壓(ya),甚至起棱(leng),接觸應力(li)過大而(er)降低使用(yong)壽命(ming)。以18×7-28鋼絲(si)繩為(wei)例(li),外層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)股(gu)(gu)配絲(si)為(wei)直(zhi)徑(jing)(jing)1.85mm,內(nei)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)股(gu)(gu)配絲(si)是直(zhi)徑(jing)(jing)1.95mm,內(nei)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)正常繩徑(jing)(jing)18mm左右,可滿足外層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)股(gu)(gu)的(de)(de)捻(nian)制要(yao)求
2、生(sheng)產時(shi)(shi)要(yao)求內層(ceng)繩(sheng)(sheng)略(lve)松散(san),外層(ceng)繩(sheng)(sheng)不(bu)(bu)(bu)松散(san);多(duo)股不(bu)(bu)(bu)旋(xuan)轉(zhuan)鋼(gang)絲繩(sheng)(sheng)大多(duo)是分(fen)層(ceng)捻(nian)制(zhi)的(de),如(ru)果(guo)內層(ceng)繩(sheng)(sheng)捻(nian)制(zhi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)好,在捻(nian)制(zhi)外層(ceng)繩(sheng)(sheng)時(shi)(shi),內層(ceng)繩(sheng)(sheng)的(de)股會出現起套現象(xiang),同時(shi)(shi)由于(yu)外層(ceng)繩(sheng)(sheng)的(de)旋(xuan)轉(zhuan)力矩要(yao)大于(yu)內層(ceng)繩(sheng)(sheng)的(de)旋(xuan)轉(zhuan)力矩,所(suo)以(yi)內層(ceng)繩(sheng)(sheng)生(sheng)產時(shi)(shi)要(yao)略(lve)微松散(san),不(bu)(bu)(bu)要(yao)按(an)不(bu)(bu)(bu)松散(san)的(de)要(yao)求生(sheng)產內層(ceng)繩(sheng)(sheng)。
3、外(wai)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)捻距(ju)倍數(shu)比內(nei)(nei)(nei)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)大(da),改變內(nei)(nei)(nei)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的捻向(xiang)及(ji)各(ge)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)股的捻向(xiang),減小內(nei)(nei)(nei)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的捻距(ju),盡量減小合(he)力(li)(li)矩(ju)。據分析,外(wai)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)捻距(ju)倍數(shu)比內(nei)(nei)(nei)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)大(da)可以保證(zheng)外(wai)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的旋轉(zhuan)力(li)(li)矩(ju)大(da)于(yu)內(nei)(nei)(nei)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的旋轉(zhuan)力(li)(li)矩(ju),保證(zheng)合(he)力(li)(li)矩(ju)小。各(ge)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)捻向(xiang)及(ji)捻距(ju)倍數(shu)匹配得好,捻制(zhi)后的鋼(gang)絲(si)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)內(nei)(nei)(nei)外(wai)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)繩(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)經切(qie)頭后不(bu)會出(chu)現外(wai)凸或內(nei)(nei)(nei)縮現象。
4、不松散性能(neng)檢查,應在鋼(gang)絲繩頭部捻制正(zheng)常的部位取(qu)大約5個捻距,取(qu)全(quan)部外(wai)層股測量股的高(gao)度(du),一(yi)般股的螺旋高(gao)度(du)是(shi)鋼(gang)絲繩直徑的0.90~0.95倍較好。每個股的高(gao)度(du)均(jun)勻(yun)一(yi)致(zhi),能(neng)夠依次排到一(yi)起,說明捻制均(jun)勻(yun),各股張力狀態一(yi)致(zhi)。
5、有條件情況下(xia)安排專有設備生產(chan)(chan),同(tong)捻向、同(tong)長度、同(tong)強度的股(gu)繩(sheng)(sheng)在(zai)同(tong)一(yi)機臺生產(chan)(chan)。內(nei)層(ceng)繩(sheng)(sheng)應使用旋(xuan)轉放芯架;合(he)(he)內(nei)層(ceng)繩(sheng)(sheng)時,要將工(gong)字輪張(zhang)力調整(zheng)好,預變形(xing)器壓彎略淺,充分使用后變形(xing)器及定徑輥(gun),防止(zhi)內(nei)層(ceng)繩(sheng)(sheng)各股(gu)松緊不(bu)均。合(he)(he)外(wai)層(ceng)股(gu)時,在(zai)合(he)(he)攏前要將內(nei)層(ceng)繩(sheng)(sheng)的頭部(bu)先上幾個勁,再進行捻制。